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Emission trade
CO2 and NOx
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From January 1, 2008 the second trading period started for the CO2-emissions. The second period is from 2008-2012.
The European Union (EU) has an operational CO2-emission trading system from January 1, 2005. The headlines of the system have been laid down in the European Guideline for the trading of greenhouse gas emission credits. Every member state is obliged to participate. Companies in the Netherlands receive CO2-emission credits from the Dutch government for the entire trading period. These credits are indicated in the CO2-emission licence.
In case a company emits more CO2 than permitted, it can buy additional credits or take measures to reduce CO2-emissions. Companies which saved credits can sell them. The CO2-emission trade is international within the EU.
Companies which parcipate in the CO2-emission trading need to have a CO2-emission licence. The company needs to submit a licence application and monitoring plan to teir National Emission Authority (NEA). Their NEA validates the monitoring plan, submits the emission licence and controls the performance. After each calender year all participants have to submit a CO2-emission report. A performance declaration is needed when submitting the report to the NEA. The CO2-emission report has to be validated by an independent auditor. The auditor is accreditated by the Council of Accreditation (CoA).
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Second period for NOx-emission trading in operation for 2008-2012
The member states of the European Union (EU) signed in 2001 an agreement for the NOx-emission ceiling in 2010. This has been laid down in the EU National Emission Ceiling (NEC) Guideline. For the Netherlands this ceiling is 260 kton in 2010. The Dutch Government set a national target of 231 kton in 2010.
The NOx-emission trading system is quiet simple: facilities get a so-called performance standard. This standard is equal for all facilities and is expressed in grammes NOx-emission per giga Joule (GJ) or grammes NOx per ton end product.
In case a company emits more NOx than permitted, it can buy additional credits or take measures to reduce NOx-emissions. Companies which saved credits can sell them. The NOx-emission trade is a national trading system per member state within the EU.
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